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- , commercial at 0101 65 0x41 a 0102 66 0x42 b 0103 67 0x43 c 0104 68 0x44 d 0105 69 0x45 e 0106 70 0x46 f 0107 71 0x47 g 0110 72 0x48 h 0111 73 0x49 i 0112 74 0x4a j 0113 75 0x4b k 0114 76 0x4c l 0115 77 0x4d m 0116 78 0x4e n 0117 79 0x4f o 0120 80 0x50 p 0121 81 0x51 q 0122 82 0x52 r 0123 83 0x53 s 0124 84 0x54 t 0125 85 0x55 u 0126 86 0x56 v 0127 87 0x57 w 0130 88 0x58 x 0131 89 0x59 y 0132 90 0x5a z 0133 91 0x5b [, open square bracket 0134 92 0x5c \, backslash 0135 93 0x5d ], close square bracket 0136 94 0x5e ^, caret 0137 95 0x5f _, underscore 0140 96 0x60 `, back quote 0141 97 0x61 a 0142 98 0x62 b 0143 99 0x63 c 0144 100 0x64 d 0145 101 0x65 e 0146 102 0x66 f 0147 103 0x67 g 0150 104 0x68 h 0151 105 0x69 i 0152 106 0x6a j 0153 107 0x6b k 0154 108 0x6c l 0155 109 0x6d m 0156 110 0x6e n 0157 111 0x6f o 0160 112 0x70 p 0161 113 0x71 q 0162 114 0x72 r 0163 115 0x73 s 0164 116 0x74 t 0165 117 0x75 u 0166 118 0x76 v 0167 119 0x77 w 0170 120 0x78 x 0171 121 0x79 y 0172 122 0x7a z 0173 123 0x7b {, open curly bracket 0174 124 0x7c |, vertical bar 0175 125 0x7d }, close curly bracket 0176 126 0x7e ~, tilde 0177 127 0x7f delete see nul, soh, stx, etx, etx, eot, enq, ack, bel, bs, ht, line feed, vt, ff, cr, so, si, dle, xon, dc1, dc2, dc3, dc4, nak, syn, etb, can, em, sub, esc, fs, gs, rs, us, space, exclamation mark, double quote, hash, dollar, percent, ampersand, quote, open parenthesis, close parenthesis, asterisk, plus, comma, minus, full stop, oblique stroke, colon, semicolon, less than, equals, greater than, question mark, commercial at, open square bracket, backslash, close square bracket, caret, underscore, back quote, open curly bracket, vertical bar, close curly bracket, tilde, delete. last updated: 1996-06-24
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Từ điển Máy Tính - Foldoc Dictionary
ada
Ada (language) (After Ada Lovelace) A Pascal-descended language, designed by Jean Ichbiah's team at CII Honeywell in 1979, made mandatory for Department of Defense software projects by the Pentagon. The original language was standardised as "Ada 83", the latest is "Ada 95". Ada is a large, complex, block-structured language aimed primarily at embedded applications. It has facilities for real-time response, concurrency, hardware access and reliable run-time error handling. In support of large-scale software engineering, it emphasises strong typing, data abstraction and encapsulation. The type system uses name equivalence and includes both subtypes and derived types. Both fixed and floating-point numerical types are supported. Control flow is fully bracketed: if-then-elsif-end if, case-is-when-end case, loop-exit-end loop, goto. Subprogram parameters are in, out, or inout. Variables imported from other packages may be hidden or directly visible. Operators may be overloaded and so may enumeration literals. There are user-defined exceptions and exception handlers. An Ada program consists of a set of packages encapsulating data objects and their related operations. A package has a separately compilable body and interface. Ada permits generic packages and subroutines, possibly parametrised. Ada support single inheritance, using "tagged types" which are types that can be extended via inheritance. Ada programming places a heavy emphasis on multitasking. Tasks are synchronised by the rendezvous, in which a task waits for one of its subroutines to be executed by another. The conditional entry makes it possible for a task to test whether an entry is ready. The selective wait waits for either of two entries or waits for a limited time. Ada is often criticised, especially for its size and complexity, and this is attributed to its having been designed by committee. In fact, both Ada 83 and Ada 95 were designed by small design teams to be internally consistent and tightly integrated. By contrast, two possible competitors, Fortran 90 and C++ have both become products designed by large and disparate volunteer committees. See also Ada/Ed, Toy/Ada. Home of the Brave Ada Programmers. Ada FAQs (hypertext), text only. http://wuarchive.wustl.edu/languages/ada/, ftp://ajpo.sei.cmu.edu/, ftp://stars.rosslyn.unisys.com/pub/ACE_8.0. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Usenet newsgroup: news:comp.lang.ada. An Ada grammar including a lex scanner and yacc parser is available. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Another yacc grammar and parser for Ada by Herman Fischer. An LR parser and pretty-printer for Ada from NASA is available from the Ada Software Repository. Adamakegen generates makefiles for Ada programs. ["Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language", ANSI/MIL STD 1815A, US DoD (Jan 1983)]. Earlier draft versions appeared in July 1980 and July 1982. ISO 1987. [Jargon File] Last updated: 2000-08-12
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