Tra từ reform - Từ điển Việt Anh Việt 4in1 - English Vietnamese 4 in 1 Dictionary

I.re‧form¹ /rɪˈfɔːm $ -ɔːrm/ BrE AmE verb
[Word Family: noun: ↑form, ↑formation, ↑transformation, ↑reformer, ↑reform, ↑reformation, ↑reformist, ↑transformer, ↑formlessness; verb: ↑form, ↑reform, ↑transform; adjective: reformed, ↑reformist, ↑formless; adverb: ↑formlessly]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: reformer, from Latin reformare, from formare 'to form']
1. [transitive] to improve a system, law, organization etc by making a lot of changes to it, so that it operates in a fairer or more effective way:
plans to radically reform the tax system
2. [intransitive and transitive] to change your behaviour and become a better person, or to make someone do this:
Greeley says he’s a genuinely reformed character.
a reformed criminal
• • •
THESAURUS
to change something
▪ change to make someone or something different: Unfortunately, there’s nothing we can do to change the situation. | Being at college has changed her – she’s much more confident now.
▪ alter especially written tochange something so that it is better or more suitable: You can alter the colour and size of the image using a remote control. | Can we alter the date of the meeting?
▪ adapt to change something slightly in order to improve it or make it more suitable: How much would it cost to adapt the existing equipment? | You can adapt the recipe to suit your own requirements.
▪ adjust to make small changes in the position or level of something in order to improve it or make it more suitable: How do you adjust the volume on the television? | He adjusted his tie in the mirror.
▪ modify especially written to make small changes to something such as a piece of equipment, a set of ideas, or a way of behaving in order to improve it or use it in a different way: He’s modified his opinions since then. | a modified version of the original program.
▪ reform to change a law, system, organization etc so that it is fairer or more effective: plans to reform the tax system | Health care needs to be completely reformed.
▪ revise to change a plan, idea, law etc because of new information and ideas: In July, China revised the rules for foreign investment. | The findings could force the scientists to revise their ideas about climate change.
▪ reorganize to change the way that a system or organization works: We’ve had to reorganize our database | During the 1980s, the government reorganized the civil service.
▪ restructure to make big changes to the way something is organized, especially a large political or economic system or a big company, in order to make it more effective: The company has been restructured from top to bottom.
II.reform² W2 BrE AmE noun [uncountable and countable]
[Word Family: noun: ↑form, ↑formation, ↑transformation, ↑reformer, ↑reform, ↑reformation, ↑reformist, ↑transformer, ↑formlessness; verb: ↑form, ↑reform, ↑transform; adjective: reformed, ↑reformist, ↑formless; adverb: ↑formlessly]
a change or changes made to a system or organization in order to improve it
reform of
a reform of the legal system
economic/political/educational reform
The government announced a much-needed programme of economic reform.
Reforms were made to revive the economy.
far-reaching/sweeping/radical reforms
The Prime Minister is calling for sweeping reforms of the NHS.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + reform
▪ economic reform The Prime Minister has promised to push ahead with economic reform.
▪ political/democratic/constitutional reform He stressed that democratic reform could not be achieved overnight.
▪ tax reform The Chancellor's proposals for tax reform met strong resistance in the Commons.
▪ education reform Teachers say the government's education reforms are causing stress.
▪ a major reform He called for a major reform of the drug laws.
▪ radical reform (=very big and important changes) His government adopted a policy of radical reform.
▪ fundamental reform (=changes to the most basic and important parts of something) He wants fundamental reform of the EU's agricultural policy.
▪ far-reaching/sweeping reforms (=reforms that affect many things or have a great effect) The new government instituted a series of far-reaching reforms.
verbs
▪ make/carry out reforms They haven't made any real reforms.
▪ introduce reforms They increased pressure on the government to introduce political reforms.
▪ push through reforms (=make them happen) He has so far failed to push through much-needed economic reforms.
▪ implement reforms (=carry out planned reforms) Much will depend on how local managers implement the reforms.
phrases
▪ a package/programme of reforms A package of reforms was approved by the National Assembly on April 12.
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ change noun [uncountable and countable] a situation in which someone or something becomes different, or the act of making something different: There was a sudden change in the weather. | We are living in a period of great change. | He was told to make some slight changes to his essay.
▪ alteration noun [uncountable and countable] a change, especially a small one that happens naturally or gradually, or one that is made in order to improve something: I noticed a slight alteration in her behaviour. | They had to make some alterations to their original theory.
▪ reform noun [uncountable and countable] a change made to a system or law in order to improve it: He called for a reform of our outdated voting system. | Many people opposed the economic reforms.
▪ shift noun [countable] a change, especially in people’s attitudes or in the way they do things, or in the position of someone or something: a shift in public opinion about the war | There has been a noticeable shift in government policy on education. | There needs to be a major shift away from road transport to rail transport. | After he died, there was a dramatic shift in the balance of power.
▪ swing a big change, especially in someone’s opinions or moods: There has been a big swing toward the Democrats (=many more people are supporting them). | The drug can cause mood swings.
▪ fluctuation noun [uncountable and countable] a change in something - used when something changes often: fluctuations in the value of the dollar | temperature fluctuations | fluctuations in his mood | There has been some fluctuation in productivity levels.

reformhu

◎	[ri'fɔ:m]
※	danh từ
	■	sự sửa đổi hoặc được sửa đổi; sự cải cách
		☆	land reform
			cải cách ruộng đất
		☆	constitutional reform
			sự sửa đổi hiến pháp
		☆	to agitate for /bring about/effect social reform
			cổ động cho/đem lại/thực hiện công cuộc cải cách xã hội
		☆	the reform of teaching methods
			sự cải cách phương pháp giảng dạy
		☆	to carry out/make reforms in education
			thực hiện/tiến hành những cải tổ về giáo dục
※	ngoại động từ
	■	sửa đổi, cải cách
		☆	to reform a constitution
			sửa đổi một hiến pháp
		☆	to reform one's ways/habits
			sửa đổi lề lối/thói quen
		☆	to reform an unfair salary structure
			cải cách một cơ cấu tiền lương bất công
		☆	he's given up drink and is now a reformed character
			anh ta bỏ uống rượu và giờ đây là một con người đổi mới
	■	triệt bỏ (tệ nạn...); chữa (thói xấu)
※	nội động từ
	■	sửa đổi, sửa mình