Tra từ advance - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

ad·vance [advance advances advanced advancing] noun, verb, adjective BrE [ədˈvɑːns] NAmE [ədˈvæns]
noun

FORWARD MOVEMENT
1. countable the forward movement of a group of people, especially armed forces
• We feared that an advance on the capital would soon follow.
•enemy advances

DEVELOPMENT
2. countable, uncountable ~ (in sth) progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding
•recent advances in medical science
• We live in an age of rapid technological advance.
•major advances in the field of physics

MONEY
3. countable, usually singular money paid for work before it has been done or money paid earlier than expected
• They offered an advance of £5 000 after the signing of the contract.
•She asked for an advance on her salary.
•The bank will give you an advance of 95% of the purchase price.

SEXUAL
4. advancesplural attempts to start a sexual relationship with sb
•He had made advances to one of his students.
•She rejected his sexual advances.

PRICE INCREASE
5. countable ~ (on sth) (business)an increase in the price or value of sth
•Share prices showed significant advances.

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French avance (noun), avancer (verb), from late Latin abante ‘in front’, from ab ‘from’ + ante ‘before’. The initial a- was mistakenly assimilated to ad- in the 16th cent.

Thesaurus:
advance noun C, U
•recent advances in medical science
progress • • development • • breakthrough •
(a/an) advance/progress/development/breakthrough in sth
(a) scientific/technical/technological/political advance/progress/development/breakthrough
(a/an) economic/social advance/progress/development

Collocations:
War and peace
Starting a war
declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth)
go to war (against/with sb)
cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
enter/invade/occupy sb's territory
lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
Military operations
adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/(especially US) maneuvers
send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb)
employ/use guerrilla tactics
conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
achieve/win a decisive victory
halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
order/force a retreat
Fighting
join/serve in the army/navy/air force
be/go/remain/serve on active duty
serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
be sent to the front (line)
attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
call for/be met with armed resistance
come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth)
shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
become/be held as a prisoner of war
Civilians in war
harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
impose/enforce/lift a curfew
engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
Making peace
make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
sign a ceasefire agreement
call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth
establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty

Example Bank:
•He was paid £5 000 as an advance on royalties.
•Hindu science made great advances in astronomy and mathematics.
•Recent years have seen significant advances in our understanding of the human genome.
•The design incorporates the most recent technological advances.
•The general ordered an advance to the front line.
•The publishers have paid me an advance.
•The regiment made an advance on the enemy lines.
•We need more money if we are to make any further advances in this area of science.
•We try to plan well in advance.
•You'll get the agenda in advance of the committee meeting.
•an advance of $10 000
•an advance on the existing techniques
•an advance towards a better understanding of God
•rapid advances in science and technology
•the Russian advance towards Berlin
•two major advances in medical science
•two major advances in orthopaedic medicine
•At this time there were a number of major advances in the field of physics.
•Enemy advances had forced them to retreat into the mountains.
•The bank will give you an advance of 95% of the purchase price.
•Their advance on the city seemed unstoppable.
Idiom: ↑in advance

verb

MOVE FORWARD
1. intransitive to move forward towards sb/sth, often in order to attack or threaten them or it
• The troops were finally given the order to advance.
• They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.
•the advancing Allied troops
•~ on/towards sb/sth The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.
•She closed the door firmly and advanced towards the desk.
compare ↑retreat

DEVELOP
2. intransitive, transitive if knowledge, technology, etc. advances, it develops and improves
• Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably over recent years.
•~ sth This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.

HELP TO SUCCEED
3. transitive to help sth to succeed
Syn: ↑further
•Studying for new qualifications is one way of advancing your career.
•They worked together to advance the cause of democracy.

MONEY
4. transitive to give sb money before the time it would usually be paid
•~ sth to sb We are willing to advance the money to you.
•~ sb sth We will advance you the money.

SUGGEST
5. transitive ~ sth (formal)to suggest an idea, a theory, or a plan for other people to discuss
Syn: put forward
•The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.

MAKE EARLIER
6. transitive ~ sth (formal)to change the time or date of an event so that it takes place earlier
Syn: bring forward
•The date of the trial has been advanced by one week.
Opp: ↑postpone

MOVE FORWARD
7. intransitive, transitive (formal)to move forward to a later part of sth; to move sth forward to a later part
•Users advance through the program by answering a series of questions.
•~ sth This button advances the tape to the beginning of the next track.

INCREASE
8. intransitive (business) (of prices, costs, etc.)to increase in price or amount
•Oil shares advanced amid economic recovery hopes.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French avance (noun), avancer (verb), from late Latin abante ‘in front’, from ab ‘from’ + ante ‘before’. The initial a- was mistakenly assimilated to ad- in the 16th cent.

Thesaurus:
advance verb
1. I
•The army was given the order to advance.
move • • go • |formal proceed •
advance/move/go/proceed from …to…
advance/move/go/proceed to/towards sb/sth
2. I
•Medical science has advanced considerably in recent years.
progress • • develop • • improve •
advance/progress/develop towards/beyond sth
advance/progress/develop/improve rapidly/slowly/steadily

Example Bank:
•He advanced towards me in aggressive style.
•Society needs to advance beyond prejudice and superstition.
•The army advanced on the capital.
•The troops advanced into central Europe.
•advancing from the south
•As medical science advances, treatments are becoming more and more expensive.
•He advanced towards her.
•Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably in recent years.
•Studying for new qualifications is one way to advance your career.
•The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.
•The people fled from the advancing army.
•This proposal has frequently been advanced as a possible solution.
•Troops were given the order to advance.
•Will excavating this site advance our knowledge of history in a significant way?

adjective only before noun
1. done or given before sth is going to happen
•Please give us advance warning of any changes.
•We need advance notice of the numbers involved.
•No advance booking is necessary on most departures.
2. ~ party/team a group of people who go somewhere first, before the main group
•The advance party for a winter ascent of Mount Everest has arrived in Nepal.

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French avance (noun), avancer (verb), from late Latin abante ‘in front’, from ab ‘from’ + ante ‘before’. The initial a- was mistakenly assimilated to ad- in the 16th cent.