Tra từ farm - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

farm [farm farms farmed farming] noun, verb BrE [fɑːm] NAmE [fɑːrm]
noun
1. an area of land, and the buildings on it, used for growing crops and/or keeping animals
•a 200-hectare farm
•a farm worker/labourer
•farm buildings/machinery
•to live/work on a farm

2. the main house on a farm, where the farmer lives
3. (especially in compounds)a place where particular fish or animals are bred
•a trout/mink/pig farm
see also ↑battery farm, ↑collective farm, dairy farm, ↑factory farm, ↑funny farm, ↑health farm, ↑truck farm, ↑wind farm

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French ferme, from medieval Latin firma ‘fixed payment’, from Latin firmare ‘fix, settle’ (in medieval Latin ‘contract for’), from firmus ‘constant, firm’; compare with ↑firm (noun). The noun originally denoted a fixed annual amount payable as rent or tax; which later gave rise to ‘to subcontract’ (farm sb/sth out to sb. ). The noun came to denote ‘a lease’, and, in the early 16th cent., ‘land leased for farming’. The verb sense ‘grow crops or keep livestock’ dates from the early 19th cent.

Thesaurus:
farm noun C
•The children had to work on the family farm.
ranch • • plantation • • vineyard • • orchard • |especially AmE homestead •
on a farm/ranch/plantation/vineyard/homestead
at a farm/ranch/plantation/vineyard
a 5-hectare, 100-acre, etc. farm/ranch/plantation/vineyard/orchard
a cattle/sheep farm/ranch

Collocations:
Farming
Growing food and raising animals
plant trees/seeds/crops/vines/barley
grow/produce corn/wheat/rice/fruit
plough/ (NAmE) plow land/a field
sow/harvest seeds/crops/fields
spread manure/fertilizer on sth
cultivate/irrigate/water/contaminate crops/plants/fields/land
damage/destroy/lose your crop
ripen/pick fruit/berries/grapes
press/dry/ferment grapes
grind/thresh grain/corn/wheat
raise/rear/keep chickens/poultry/cattle/pigs
raise/breed/feed/graze livestock/cattle/sheep
kill/slaughter livestock
preserve/smoke/cure/salt meat
Modern farming
run a fish farm/an organic dairy
engage in/be involved in intensive (pig/fish) farming
use/apply (chemical/organic) fertilizer/insecticides/pesticides
begin/do/conduct field trials of GM (= genetically modified) crops
grow/develop GM crops/seeds/plants/foods
fund/invest in genetic engineering/research
improve/increase crop yields
face/suffer from/alleviate food shortages
label food that contains GMOs (= genetically modified organisms)
eliminate/reduce farm subsidies
oppose/be against factory farming/GM food
promote/encourage/support organic/sustainable farming

Example Bank:
•During the war, few men were left to work the farm.
•Farm incomes rose 11% last year.
•Farm produce, including fruit and corn, was their principal export.
•He had lived on that farm all his life.
•I was raised on a country farm.
•Local farm supply stores are expected to lose business.
•Republicans hope to pass the farm bill in the current fiscal year.
•She lives on the next farm.
•Ten model farms have been set up to showcase modern production methods.
•The 80-acre farm now operates around the clock.
•The EU has decided to cut farm subsidies.
•The area combines a working farm and a farming museum.
•The children had to work on the family farm.
•The farm economy was stable.
•The farm lies on the hills above the lake.
•The farmer's wife runs the farm shop.
•The myth of happy and contented animals down on the farm is now far from the truth.
•The pigs are raised on factory farms.
•The police are investigating a fire at a farm near Whitby.
•Today, the farm sector employs about 3% of our workforce.
•We anticipate our overall farm production next year to be lower.
•a dairy farm producing gourmet cheeses
•a farm growing tobacco
•a poor farm family
•an Illinois farm town
•controversial plans to build a wind farm on the island
•farm products such as eggs and vegetables
•the EU farm policy
•the Kansas farm belt
•the US farm program for wheat
•the rolling farm country of central Kentucky
•village and farm life
•Critics say that fish farms generate high levels of disease and parasites.
•Many farm workers face low wages and poor working conditions.
•The two disused farm buildings have stood empty since we took over the farm ten years ago
•a fish/trout/mink/pig farm
Derived: ↑farm somebody out ▪ ↑farm somebody out to somebody

verb intransitive, transitive
to use land for growing crops and/or keeping animals
• The family has farmed in Kent for over two hundred years.
•~ sth They farm dairy cattle.
•He farmed 200 acres of prime arable land.
•organically farmed produce
see buy the farm at ↑buy _v.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French ferme, from medieval Latin firma ‘fixed payment’, from Latin firmare ‘fix, settle’ (in medieval Latin ‘contract for’), from firmus ‘constant, firm’; compare with ↑firm (noun). The noun originally denoted a fixed annual amount payable as rent or tax; which later gave rise to ‘to subcontract’ (farm sb/sth out to sb. ). The noun came to denote ‘a lease’, and, in the early 16th cent., ‘land leased for farming’. The verb sense ‘grow crops or keep livestock’ dates from the early 19th cent.

Thesaurus:
farm verb I, T
•They have farmed in Kent for many years.
grow • • plant • • work • |BrE plough • |AmE plow • |formal cultivate •
farm/plant/work/plough/cultivate the land
grow/plant/cultivate crops
be organically/intensively farmed/grown/cultivated

Example Bank:
•The land has been intensively farmed.
•They farm organically now.
•They only buy organically farmed produce.