Tra từ field - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

field [field fields fielded fielding] noun, verb BrE [fiːld] NAmE [fiːld]
noun

AREA OF LAND
1. countable an area of land in the country used for growing crops or keeping animals in, usually surrounded by a fence, etc
• People were working in the fields.
•a ploughed field
•a field of wheat
• We camped in a field near the village.

2. countable (usually in compounds)an area of land used for the purpose mentioned
•a landing field
•a medal for bravery in the field (of battle)
see also ↑airfield, ↑battlefield, ↑minefield
3. countable (usually in compounds)a large area of land covered with the thing mentioned; an area from which the thing mentioned is obtained
•ice fields
•gas fields
see also ↑coalfield, ↑goldfield, ↑oilfield, ↑snowfield

SUBJECT/ACTIVITY
4. countable a particular subject or activity that sb works in or is interested in
Syn: ↑area
•famous in the field of music
• I enjoy meeting people in other fields of business.
• All of them are experts in their chosen field.
•This discovery has opened up a whole new field of research.
•‘How big was the bomb, if it did all that damage?’ ‘I don't know. Not my field’ (= that is not one of the subjects I know about).

PRACTICAL WORK
5. countable (usually used as an adjective)the fact of people doing practical work or study, rather than working in a library or laboratory
•a field study/investigation
•field research/methods
•We then tested the questionnaire in field conditions.
•essential reading for those working in the field
see also ↑field trip, ↑fieldwork

IN SPORT
6. (BrE also pitch)countable (usually in compounds)an area of land used for playing a sport on
•a baseball/rugby/football, etc. field
•a sports field
• Today they take the field (= go on to the field to play a game) against county champions Essex.
• Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field (= when they are playing a match).
•For Liverpool fans, it was a night to remember both on and off the field (= the match was good and so were the celebrations afterwards).
see also ↑playing field
7. (in ↑cricket and ↑baseball)singular + singular or plural verb the team that is trying to catch the ball rather than hit it
8. singular + singular or plural verb all the people or animals competing in a particular sports event
•The field includes three world-record holders.

IN BUSINESS
9. singular + singular or plural verb all the people or products competing in a particular area of business
•They lead the field in home entertainment systems.

PHYSICS
10. countable (usually in compounds)an area within which the force mentioned has an effect
•the earth's gravitational field
•an electro-magnetic field

COMPUTING
11. countable part of a record that is a separate item of data
•You will need to create separate fields for first name, surname and address.

Word Origin:
Old English feld (also denoting a large tract of open country; compare with ↑veld), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch veld and German Feld.

Thesaurus:
field noun
1. C
•We camped in a field near the village.
meadow • • paddock • • pasture •
in (a) field/meadow/paddock/pasture
open/green/lush fields/meadows/pasture
2. C
•This discovery opens up a whole new field of research.
area • • domain • • sphere • • realm • • specialism • • subject • • sector • |especially AmE specialty • |formal discipline •
within/outside the field/area/domain/sphere/realm/sector/discipline of sth
the political field/domain/sphere/realm
the scientific field/sphere/subjects/disciplines
work in the field/area/domain/sector
3. C (used especially in compounds or fixed phrases)
•a sports field
playing field • • stadium • • arena • |BrE pitch • • ground • |AmE park • • ballpark •
on/off the field/playing field/pitch
a sports field/stadium/arena/pitch/ground
a football/cricket/rugby field/stadium/pitch/ground
a baseball field/stadium/park
Field, pitch or ground? Both field and pitch are used to talk about the area of land where a sport is played. Ground also includes buildings, seating, etc. around the place where a game is played.

Collocations:
Farming
Growing food and raising animals
plant trees/seeds/crops/vines/barley
grow/produce corn/wheat/rice/fruit
plough/ (NAmE) plow land/a field
sow/harvest seeds/crops/fields
spread manure/fertilizer on sth
cultivate/irrigate/water/contaminate crops/plants/fields/land
damage/destroy/lose your crop
ripen/pick fruit/berries/grapes
press/dry/ferment grapes
grind/thresh grain/corn/wheat
raise/rear/keep chickens/poultry/cattle/pigs
raise/breed/feed/graze livestock/cattle/sheep
kill/slaughter livestock
preserve/smoke/cure/salt meat
Modern farming
run a fish farm/an organic dairy
engage in/be involved in intensive (pig/fish) farming
use/apply (chemical/organic) fertilizer/insecticides/pesticides
begin/do/conduct field trials of GM (= genetically modified) crops
grow/develop GM crops/seeds/plants/foods
fund/invest in genetic engineering/research
improve/increase crop yields
face/suffer from/alleviate food shortages
label food that contains GMOs (= genetically modified organisms)
eliminate/reduce farm subsidies
oppose/be against factory farming/GM food
promote/encourage/support organic/sustainable farming

Example Bank:
•Despite the war, they continued to work the fields.
•He planted fields full of sunflowers.
•His superb technique puts him head and shoulders ahead of the field.
•I can't answer that— I'm afraid it's outside my field.
•I work in the field of computer science.
•Players need discipline both on and off the field.
•She managed to head the field across the finishing line of the London Marathon.
•The strong field includes three world record holders.
•There has been no solid research in this field.
•These academics are world leaders in their respective fields.
•Today they take the field against county champions Essex.
•Today they take the field= go on to the field to play a match against county champions Essex.
•We had to walk across a ploughed field.
•We walked across the field.
•We went on a geology field trip.
•You will need to create separate fields for first name, last name and address.
•essential reading for those working in the field
•looking out on the green fields of Shropshire
•people walking their dogs on the school's playing field
•people who work in this field
•the discovery of the oil and gas fields in the North Sea
•the earth's magnetic field
•the green fields of my homeland
•the use of keys to move between fields
•tractors working out in the field
•‘How big was the bomb if it did all that damage?’ ‘I don't know. It's not my field.’
•For Liverpool fans, it was a night to remember both on and off the field.
•Golden fields of wheat stretched as far as the eye could see.
•He was equally famous in the fields of politics and of science.
•Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field.
•Prisoners were sent to work in the gas fields in the north.
•The farmer had just ploughed the field, ready for planting the next crop.
•The territory is covered with snow, bare rock and ice fields.
Idioms: ↑leave somebody in possession of the field ▪ ↑leave the field clear for somebody ▪ ↑play the field

verb

CANDIDATE/TEAM
1. transitive ~ sb/sth to provide a candidate, speaker, team, etc. to represent you in an election, a competition, etc
•Each of the main parties fielded more than 300 candidates.
•England fielded a young side in the World Cup.

IN CRICKET/BASEBALL
2. intransitive to be the person or the team that catches the ball and throws it back after sb has hit it
•He won the toss and chose to field first.
3. transitive ~ sth to catch the ball and throw it back
•He fielded the ball expertly.

QUESTIONS
4. transitive ~ sth to receive and deal with questions or comments
•The BBC had to field more than 300 phone calls after last night's programme.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English feld (also denoting a large tract of open country; compare with ↑veld), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch veld and German Feld.

See also: ↑pitch